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What is the ozone layer? |
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| The ozone layer is a deep layer in the stratosphere,
encircling the Earth, that has large amounts of ozone in it. The layer shields the entire Earth from much of the harmful ultraviolet
radiation that comes from the sun. Interestingly, it is also this ultraviolet radiation that forms
the ozone in the first place. Ozone is a special form of oxygen, made up of three oxygen atoms
rather than the usual two oxygen atoms. It usually forms when some type of radiation or electrical
discharge separates the two atoms in an oxygen molecule (O2), which can then individually
recombine with other oxygen molecules to form ozone (O3). The ozone layer became more widely appreciated
when it was realized that certain chemicals mankind manufactures, called chloroflurocarbons, find their
way up into the stratosphere where, through a complex series of chemical reactions, they destroy some
of the ozone. As a result of this discovery, an international treaty was signed, the the manufacture
of these chemicals was stopped. The ozone layer has since begun to recover as a result of these efforts. This stratospheric ozone, which protects us from the sun, is good. There is also ozone produced near the ground, from sunlight interacting with atmospheric pollution in cities, that is bad. It causes breathing problems for some people, and usually occurs in the summertime when the pollution over a city builds up during stagnant air conditions associated with high pressure areas. |
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